TOURISM

Meaning of tourism

Tourism is travel for recreational,leisure, or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes"

Etymology

Theobald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is derived from the Latin, 'tornare' and the Greek, 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe or circle; the movement around a central point or axis'. This meaning changed in modern English to represent 'one's turn'.

Suffixism

The suffix –ism is defined as 'an action or process; typical behaviour or quality', while the suffix, –ist denotes 'one that performs a given action'. When the word tour and the suffixes –ism and –ist are combined, they suggest the action of movement around a circle. One can argue that a circle represents a starting point, which ultimately returns back to its beginning. Therefore, like a circle, a tour represents a journey in that it is a round-trip, i.e., the act of leaving and then returning to the original starting point, and therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called a tourist."

In 1941, Hunziker and Krapf defined tourism as people who travel "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected with any earning activity." In 1976, the Tourism Society of England's definition was:

"Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes." In 1981, the International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism defined tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice and undertaken outside the home.

In 1994, the United Nations classified three forms of tourism in its Recommendations on Tourism Statistics:

• Domestic tourism, involving residents of the given country traveling only within their country.
• Inbound tourism, involving non-residents traveling in the given country.
• Outbound tourism, involving residents traveling in another country.

Other terms related to tourism:-

• Tourism industry

The tourism Industry covers anything that caters to visitors, from abroad, or even more locally. From Hotels, to tours of Museums, tours of places of special interest , tour guides of cities, leisure facilities , specialist restaurants, sporting facilities, even the publication of maps . It is a wide field and covers many areas

• Tourism planning

This involve the whole process of identifying the objectives defining and evaluating methods of achieving them in the scope of tourism. This is the planning that considers all the tourism resources,organisations,markets and program within the region. It also considers economic,social,cultural, environmental and institutional aspect of tourism development.